Types of NAT

5.6   Types OF NAT

There are three types of NAT

Static

Dynamic

PAT

STATIC NAT

In static NAT manual translation is performed by an address translation device, translating one IP address to a different one. If you have 100 devices, you need to create 100 static entries in the address translation table. Typically, static translation is done for inside resources that outside people want to access.

Dynamic NAT

Dynamic NAT is mostly used when inside users needs to access outside resources. The global address assigned to the internal user isn't important, since outside devices don't directly connect to your internal users they just return traffic to them that the inside user requested.

Dynamic NAT is used when inside use wants to access external resource. When an inside user sends traffic through the address translation device, say a router, it examines the source IP address and compares it to the internal local address pool. If it finds a match, then it determines which inside global address pool it should use for the translation. It then dynamically picks an address in the global address pool that is not currently assigned to an inside device. The router adds this entry in its address translation table, the packet is translated, and the packet is then sent to the outside world. If no matching entry is found in the local address pool, the address is not translated and is forwarded to the outside world in its original state.

When returning traffic comes back into your network, the address translation device examines the destination IP addresses and checks them against the address translation table. Upon finding a matching entry, it converts the global inside address to the local inside address in the destination IP address field of the packet header and forwards the packet to the inside network

PAT

 

PAT, all devices that go through the address translation device have the same global IP address assigned to them, so the source TCP or UDP port numbers are used to differentiate the different connections. If two devices have the same source port number, the translation device changes one of them to ensure uniqueness.

Major difference between NAT and PAT is In NAT Only IP addresses are translated (not port numbers).

Three main disadvantages with address translation are:

1 Each connection has an added delay

2 Troubleshooting is more difficult.

3 Not all applications work with address translation